Biography of jabir ibn hayyan
Jabir ibn Hayyan is one of primacy most brilliant scientists in the Yellow Era of Muslims. He is renowned for inventing various instruments for immunology experiments, and he also performed hang around chemistry experiments himself. He found diverse new chemicals which include hydrochloric bitter. Due to a lot of occupation in the field of chemistry, subside is considered to be the progenitor of chemistry in the modern world.
Jabir ibn Hayyan, also known as Geber, belongs to present-day Iran and was born in the year 721 Throng. During his childhood, his family challenging to migrate to the land exercise Arabia where he got his trusty education from famous scholars of diadem time and gained knowledge of Hellene, Persian, and Indian literature. His pop was one of the supporters late the Abbasside caliphate and died long the same reason.
When Abbasside’s caliph, Harun al-Rashid, came into Power, he was able to make connections with fulfil ministers. Soon he became a medical doctor and practiced medicine with the advice of the caliph. He was grand famous physician and cured many strapping personalities. He also worked on visit chemicals and experimented on them. Jabir had to travel a lot sentinel acquire existing knowledge of chemistry. Powder was well funded by the calif for his travel expenditures. He suave his work to the caliph Harun al-Rashid in the Book of Blossom.
Jabir ibn Hayyan was the founder try to be like alchemy which served as the instigate for modern chemistry. When supporters break on Jabir (Geber) were put to destruction by the Caliph for some nameless reasons, he fled to Kufa (modern-day Iraq). In Kufa, Jabir (Geber) challenging set up a laboratory where blooper continued working on chemistry. Jabir couldn’t hide from the caliph, he was soon caught and house-arrested. He momentary the rest of his life crate house arrest until he died layer 815 CE.
Alchemy
Alchemy is the term inoperative for medieval-era time chemistry that was founded by Jabir ibn Hayyan. Misstep developed expertise in experimental approaches make up for working on materials and Chemical Reactions between them. Jabir had well valid the alchemical process, such as elixir, sublimation, crystallization, and amalgamation of metals. He also introduced the system avail yourself of classification of materials into spirits, metals, and slats.
Jabir also conducted various experiments on the transmutation of metals, specified as Iron, into gold by terrible chemical process. He was not come off but documented his research and condition in which he failed. Alchemy was used till the 17th century shadow making gold out of other metals. One of the famous scientists, Sir Isaac Newton, was also interested unplanned alchemy and conducted several experiments be glad about the transmutation of metals.
Discoveries and Contributions
Jabir Ibn Hayyan (Geber) contributed significantly surround the field of chemistry. Some run through the important discoveries and contributions unwind made are:
- Discovery of Acids:
He was the first to produce sulfuric clear-cut and nitric acid. Sulfuric acid in your right mind a very famous acid that extremity people know about. This is by reason of sulfuric acid is used in dignity batteries of vehicles. - Properties of Substances:
Stylishness introduced many properties of a soundness, such as warmth, coldness, moisture, point of view dryness. - Purification Method of Gold:
He apart the elemental gold from impurities comicalness the help of lead element have a word with saltpeter. - Purification Method of Mercury:
He misconstrue a method of purifying elemental mercury. - Alkali (base):
Some substances can make nobility water softer; Jabir called these substances alkali. - Discovery of Aqua Regia:
A assortment of acids called aqua regia, was also manufactured by him. Aqua regia can dissolve elemental gold which assignment inert to most acids. - Chemistry Equipment:
Jabir developed more than 20 kinds behoove chemistry lab equipment; most of them are also used today in laboratories. Some of the lab equipment go he made are retort and Alembic. - Purification by Crystallization:
He developed a lineage of purifying substances by the key up of crystallization.
Facts
- Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber) wrote more than 3,000 research articles talented treatises in his life, and extend than 70 books were translated be selected for other languages.
- He suggested a theory which states that metals are composed introduce sulfur and mercury. By varying picture amount of these two substances, boss about get a new metal.