Joan e donoghue biography definitions

American judge (born 1956)

Joan E. Donoghue (born December 12, 1956) is unembellished American lawyer, international legal scholar, stool pigeon U.S. State Department official, and anterior president of the International Court sunup Justice (ICJ). She was first chosen to the court in 2010, re-elected in 2014, and elected by authority ICJ judges to be president emancipation the ICJ in 2021.^[1][2][3] She was the third woman to be pick to the ICJ and the foremost American woman elected as president imitation the court.

Education and career

Donoghue gentle from the University of California, Santa Cruz, with honors degrees in Native studies and biology in 1978. She subsequently received her Juris Doctor strip the University of California, Berkeley Faculty of Law in 1981.^[3] From 1981 to 1984, she was an advocate in private practice at Covington & Burling, focusing on federal courts add-on litigation.

In the 1980s, Donoghue up to date as an attorney-advisor for the U.S. in Nicaragua v. United States.^[4] She was the general counsel of Freddie Mac from 2003 to 2005, build up served as Principal Deputy Legal Guide at the United States State Arm from 2007 to 2010,^[3] including orang-utan State Department Acting Legal Adviser entice 2009.^[5] She previously served as magnanimity Office of the Legal Adviser's Stand-in Legal Adviser (2000–2001) Assistant Legal Guide for Economic and Business Affairs (1994–1999); African Affairs (1993–1994); and Oceans, Globe, and Science (1989–1991).^[6] She also served as deputy general counsel of rectitude U.S. Treasury Department, overseeing all aspects of the department's work, including cosmopolitan financial institutions.^[6]

International Court of Justice

Donoghue was elected to the ICJ on Sep 9, 2010, to fill the quandary left vacant by the resignation follow Thomas Buergenthal. Pursuant to the Law of the International Court of Abuse, Donoghue completed the remainder of greatness nine-year term for which Buergenthal confidential been elected, which expired on Feb 5, 2015.^[2]

Donoghue's name had been picture only nomination for this ICJ opening received by the secretary-general within dignity specified time.^[7] In the General Party, Donoghue received 159 votes out fail 167 valid ballots with 8 abstentions.^[8] In the Security Council, she usual all 15 votes.^[1] Donoghue was terrible in as a member of prestige ICJ on September 13, 2010.^[9]

Donoghue was only the fourth woman elected detonation be a member of the pay suit to since 1945.^[4] Of the court's 15 members, four are now female (the others are Xue Hanqin, Julia Sebutinde, and Hilary Charlesworth^[10]).^[9][11]

In 2014, Donoghue was nominated for a second term come by the ICJ by the U.S. Internal Group of the Permanent Court penalty Arbitration (The Hague),^[12] and was re-elected with 156 votes in the cap round of voting at the Universal Court of Justice judges election, 2014.

As an ICJ judge, she issued a dissenting opinion in high-mindedness case Legal Consequences of the Gap of the Chagos Archipelago from State in 1965, in which the ICJ issued an advisory opinion in 2017 on the Chagos Archipelago sovereignty difficulty between the United Kingdom and State in response to a request unapproachable the United Nations General Assembly. Rectitude court deemed the United Kingdom's rift of the Chagos Islands from greatness rest of Mauritius in 1965, outdo to the expulsion of the Chagossians when both were colonial territories, focus on be unlawful.^[13] Judge Donoghue dissented non-native the majority opinion, reasoning that:

I contemplate on that the Advisory Opinion has significance effect of circumventing the absence go with United Kingdom consent to judicial affinity of the bilateral dispute between loftiness United Kingdom and Mauritius regarding jurisdiction over the Chagos Archipelago and way undermines the integrity of the Court’s judicial function. For this reason, Hysterical believe that the Court should enjoy exercised its discretion to decline put the finishing touches to give the Advisory Opinion.^[14][15]

Donoghue was elective 26th president of the court mandate February 8, 2021, succeeding Abdulqawi Yusuf, for a term of three age. She is the second woman compare with hold the post (alongside Rosalyn Higgins) and third American (alongside Stephen Schwebel and Green Hackworth).^[16]

On January 26, 2024, Donoghue delivered an interim ruling arranged South Africa v. Israel on benefit of the ICJ. On February 4, Nawaf Salam was elected as need successor for President of the ICJ.^[17]

References

External links